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Follow the guide to enable codebase context checks.

Objective: To create a detailed and reliable record of critical system actions for security analysis
and compliance.

Status: Passed

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Objective: Ensure all identifiers clearly express their purpose and intent, making code
self-documenting

Status: Passed

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Objective: To prevent the leakage of sensitive system information through error messages while
providing sufficient detail for internal debugging.

Status: Passed

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Objective: To ensure logs are useful for debugging and auditing without exposing sensitive
information like PII, PHI, or cardholder data.

Status: Passed

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Objective: Ensure all data inputs are validated, sanitized, and handled securely to prevent
vulnerabilities

Status: Passed

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Objective: Ensure comprehensive error handling that provides meaningful context and graceful
degradation

Status:
Unchecked type inference: The new W3CError type-reification via varargs and unchecked cast may mis-identify
exception at runtime (and decode no longer wraps constructor failures), which could lead
to unexpected exceptions without contextual handling.

  return w3CError.exceptionConstructor.apply(message);
}

private W3CError<? extends WebDriverException> fromThrowable(Throwable throwable) {
  return ERRORS.stream()
      .filter(err -> err.exception.isAssignableFrom(throwable.getClass()))
      .findFirst()
      .orElse(DEFAULT_ERROR);
}

private static class W3CError<T extends WebDriverException> {

  private final String w3cErrorString;
  private final Function<String, T> exceptionConstructor;
  private final Class<T> exception;
  private final int httpErrorCode;

  @SafeVarargs
  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
  public W3CError(
      String w3cErrorString,


 ... (clipped 7 lines)

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Simplify the W3CError constructor by directly passing the exception's Class
object instead of using a complex varargs parameter to infer the type at
runtime. This change makes the code more robust and easier to understand.

java/src/org/openqa/selenium/remote/ErrorCodec.java [181-192]

-@SafeVarargs
-@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
 public W3CError(
     String w3cErrorString,
     Function<String, T> exceptionConstructor,
-    int httpErrorCode,
-    T... reified) {
+    Class<T> exception,
+    int httpErrorCode) {
   this.w3cErrorString = w3cErrorString;
   this.exceptionConstructor = exceptionConstructor;
-  this.exception = (Class<T>) reified.getClass().getComponentType();
+  this.exception = exception;
   this.httpErrorCode = httpErrorCode;
 }

• Apply / Chat

In the decode method, prevent passing a null message to exception constructors
by providing a default empty string if the message is null.

java/src/org/openqa/selenium/remote/ErrorCodec.java [164]

-return w3CError.exceptionConstructor.apply(message);
+return w3CError.exceptionConstructor.apply(message != null ? message : "");

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